Influence of Ethanol Blended Diesel Enriched with Hydroxy Gas in Dual-Fuel Mode on Common Rail Direct Injection Engine

This study investigated the impact of dual-fuel operation using ethanol-blended diesel fuel enriched with hydroxy gas on CRDI engine performance, combustion, and emission characteristics. Neat was used to run engine, along a 20% volume fraction an ethanol-diesel mixture that had been enhanced three distinct streams gas, namely 1, 1.5, 2 LPM. Hydroxy generated by electrolysis technique plate-type dry cell electrolyser (316 L stainless steel) in presence NaOH catalyst. Compared E20 (Ethanol 20%) fuel, HHO enrichment lower proportions ethanol blend + 2LPM 2.74% increase BTE 5.89% decrease BSEC at 5.02 bar BMEP condition. Similarly, HC, CO, smoke emissions decreased 4.61%, 5.19%, 3.1%, while NOx EGT increased 3.22% 3.06% compared E20. With addition combustion characteristics such as HRR, CP, ignition delay improve duration increases. At maximum BMEP, cylinder pressure heat release rate 3.18% 6.58% for HHO, respectively. It found blend, LPM positively affects